PRÁTICAS DE ORÇAMENTO DE CAPITAL: UM ESTUDO EM EMPRESAS HOTELEIRAS DE FLORIANÓPOLIS (SC)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4270/ruc.20139Keywords:
Orçamento, Orçamento de capital, Investimentos, Hotéis,Abstract
O orçamento é considerado uma das ferramentas de gestão essenciais para orientar a organização, além de ser um dos instrumentos imprescindíveis nas fases de planejamento e controle. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do estudo é analisar as práticas de orçamento de capital em empresas hoteleiras do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados através da aplicação de questionários na cidade de Florianópolis (SC). A população inicial é formada por 66 hotéis associados à ABIH-SC (Associação da Indústria Hoteleira de Santa Catarina), sendo que foram selecionados 41 hotéis que possuem orçamento formal, obtendo-se retorno de 16 questionários. A estatística descritiva foi aplicada sobre os resultados, visando melhorar a base das discussões. Os resultados mostram que as empresas hoteleiras brasileiras costumam utilizar o índice de rentabilidade na avaliação do orçamento, bem como o método de custo do capital próprio para definição da taxa mínima de retorno aceitável, que geralmente é igual para todos os investimentos. A pesquisa revela que a técnica análise de cenários é a mais utilizada para avaliar o risco dos investimentos, enquanto que a etapa mais crítica do processo de análise de investimento é a definição do projeto e previsão do fluxo de caixa. Nos últimos 5 anos, os hotéis alocaram os seus investimentos principalmente em projetos de manutenção. Além disso, há pelo menos um membro da alta direção diretamente envolvido no acompanhamento e na análise das decisões acerca dos investimentos. Adicionalmente, no ambiente hoteleiro, o comportamento dos fornecedores foi avaliado como sempre previsível e constatou-se que em geral as informações obtidas pelos sistemas de informações estão sempre disponíveis.
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